Capsule vs Nausea and Vomiting

Selegiline (deprenyl) inhibits the IAIA, in the endings of dopaminergic fibers inactivates dopamine, flour in release of dopamine increases. Established that in the human body morphine stimulates specific receptors, which are called opioid receptors. Inactivation levodopa in the periphery reduces the entacapone, which inhibits the COMT and thereby prevents Ometilirovaniyu levodopa. Levodopa reduced bradykinesia, muscle rigidity, and to a lesser extent tremor. Amantadine (midantan) promotes the release of dopamine from the dopaminergic fiber endings and inhibits the stimulating effect glutamic acid on cholinergic neurons of the neostriatum (blocks NMDAretseptor). Of these, morphine, codeine - derivative of phenanthrene - Possess analgesic properties. Appointment of levodopa in higher doses eliminates bradykinesia and rigidity, but causes dyskinesia (Involuntary movement of face, extremities), reminiscent of dyskinesia in Huntington's chorea. Pain can be eliminated by means of anesthesia. Papaverine - isoquinoline derivatives - is not analgesic, this alkaloid myotropic has spasmolytic effect, ie relaxes the smooth muscles of internal organs, blood vessels. Analgesics - a substance that flour reduce or eliminate the feeling of pain does not affect other kinds of sensitivity and do not depress consciousness. Substances that stimulate opioid receptors differ in stimulating action. Pharmacological properties of opium are mainly determined by morphine, which in opium contains about 10%. In connection with the impaired ability of dopaminergic neurons in dopamine after receiving deposit levodopa the patient's condition rapidly improved, but after 23 h suddenly appear bradykinesia, muscle rigidity (syndrome «Onoff»). After about 4-5 years the effectiveness of levodopa is significantly reduced. Effective with partial seizures. Side effects: postural hypotension, tachycardia, arrhythmias, disorientation, depression, hallucinations. However, for pain relief can be used several drugs that mainly used for other indications (clonidine, carbamazepine, amitriptyline, and others), but which also possess analgesic properties. Side effects of levodopa: nausea, vomiting (excitation D2retseptorov triggerzony vomiting center) violation of appetite, agitation, anxiety, Idiopathic Hypertropic Subaortic Stenosis nightmares, confusion, hallucinations, dyskinesia. flour discovered flour ligands of these receptors - enkephalins, endorphins, dynorphin. Morphine - a highly analgesic. Clonazepam (antelepsin) - the drug of benzodiazepines (Increases flour sensitivity of GAMKAretseptorov). Secrete p (mu), k (kappa) and 8 (delta) receptors (Table. Thus, for the treatment of disease Parkinson's and Parkinson's disease need to either increase dopaminergic influence, or reduce the effects of cholinergic neurons. Of the other agonists in Parkinson's disease D2retseptorov used lizurid, pergolide. Pain - basic indication for the use of analgesics. Indicated symptoms are associated with the violation of dopaminergic transmission in the basal nuclei of the brain - in the neostriatum, in particular, caudate nucleus. Assign inside. From other antiepileptic drugs used gabapentin, lamotrigine, clonazepam. Contraindicated in angle-closure glaucoma. From holinoblokatorov in Parkinson's disease and parkinsonism used trihexyphenidyl (tsiklodol), biperiden, which block Mholinoretseptor here Williams Syndrome inhibit the stimulating effects of cholinergic neurons. Recommend that patients with predominance of tremor.